Normal resting blood pressure varies greatly depending on time of day and individual metabolism ... but in general as long as the systolic BP (the first number) is in the range 100 to 140 for most adults(*) AND the diastolic BP (the second number) is in the range 60 to 90 AND you have no other cardio vascular symptoms such as shortness of breath, fatigue, or fainting, then numbers in those ranges are considered normal.
The first number is a measure of the extra pressure your heart has to exert to squeeze the blood around your body. The second number is the pressure remaining in your arteries when the heart relaxes between beats.
In your case, both numbers are high ... There's a 4 stage scale over 140/80 hypertension ... starting with mild hypertension stage 1 (140-159), moderate stage 2 (160-179), severe stage 3 (180-209), extreme stage 4 (above 210) There are similar numbers for the diastolic number. In both cases, you are in the moderate hypertension range.
Mild hypertension can often be managed with diet.
Moderate and higher hypertension usually requires medical intervention, such as medication to lower it along with dietary changes. Worse still, by the time you show moderate hypertension, damage has been and continues to be done to your heart and your arteries ... such as cholesterol plaques.
One thought though ... your doctor will not rely on just one pressure reading before wanting to start treatment ... He'll probably get you to take several readings over the course of a week. He may, depending on if the BP remains abnormal, ask you to go for a cardiac stress test to make sure your heart muscle is getting enough blood via the coronary arteries (as strange as it seems, the heart muscles don't get their supply of oxygen from the blood passing through the heart ... but rather from separate arteries like every other part of the body! If they clog, your BP rises and you get a heart attack!)
(*) Athletes and children usually present with a low blood pressure and it's considered normal.
The problem with high blood pressure is that it causes the heart muscles to thicken, just like a body builder's muscles thicken with exercise the heart has to work overtime pumping getting the blood around the body to overcome the backpressure. So, as they thicken, they can't work as well (see how far a body builder's muscles can actually contract once they thicken ... most people can get their upper and lower arms nearly parallel, but somebody with enlarged muscles can't ... so the heart when thick can't squeeze all the blood out as easily, so it pumps far less efficiently, so less blood gets around your body and it fatigues the heart eventually to death.
Bottom Line ... GO SEE YOUR DOCTOR fairly urgently. These numbers are not normal, and the longer you live with them elevated, the greater risk you're at.
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